![]() Messages travel to and from the brain through every segment. Sensory nerves bring messages in motor nerves send messages out to the muscles and organs. Nerves branch out from the spine at each vertebra. Each segment is connected to a specific part of the body through the peripheral nervous system. The spinal cord is functionally organized in 30 segments, corresponding with the vertebrae. In the opposite direction, the spinal cord ends just below the ribs-contrary to what we might expect, it does not extend all the way to the base of the spine. The top of the spinal cord is a bundle of nerves that merges with the brain stem, where the basic processes of life are controlled, such as breathing and digestion. It not only routes messages to and from the brain, but it also has its own system of automatic processes, called reflexes. The spinal cord is like a relay station, but a very smart one. It can be said that the spinal cord is what connects the brain to the outside world. Each lobe is associated with certain types of functions, but, ultimately, all of the areas of the brain interact with one another to provide the foundation for our thoughts and behaviors. ![]() It is a bilateral, or two-sided, structure that can be separated into distinct lobes. The brain is a remarkably complex organ comprised of billions of interconnected neurons and glia. The central nervous system (CNS), consists of the brain and the spinal cord. Explain the relationship between the two hemispheres of the brain. ![]()
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